Clinical and Radiographic Features and Treatment of Dentigerous Cyst Associated with Unerupted Molars: Case Report

Background and Aim: The dentigerous cyst is one of the most commonly encountered developmental odontogenic cysts within its classification. It is believed to originate from the separation of the fluid surrounding the crown of an impacted tooth. This type of cyst is characterized by its involvement with the crown of the impacted tooth, forming a connection at the cement-enamel junction. Dentigerous cysts most frequently affect mandibular third molars and are prevalent in individuals between the ages of ten to thirty, with a slight male predominance and a higher incidence among Caucasians. Generally, dentigerous cysts are small in size and often asymptomatic, although in some instances, they can attain considerable dimensions. Radiographically, they present as unilocular radiolucent areas associated with the crown of an impacted tooth, displaying well-defined and often sclerotic margins.
Method: This case report focuses on a dentigerous cyst associated with molars in a twenty-year-old female patient. The patient sought treatment at the Ambulatory of Maxillofacial Surgery and Traumatology Service at the Federal University of Pernambuco, Brazil, following a radiographic examination conducted in preparation for orthodontic treatment. The patient did not report pain or bleeding; rather, she mentioned only a slight increase in volume on the left side of her face.
Results: Upon radiographic evaluation, radiolucent areas suggestive of cysts were identified in the left maxillary second and third molars, as well as the right mandibular third molar, all of which were enclosed. Surgical treatment was subsequently performed through cystic enucleation. The diagnosis of dentigerous cyst was conclusively confirmed following a histopathological examination.
Conclusion: In conclusion, this case report highlights the occurrence of a dentigerous cyst in a young female patient, underscoring the importance of early diagnosis and appropriate surgical management in cases of cystic pathologies associated with impacted teeth. Such proactive intervention can lead to favorable treatment outcomes and improved patient well-being.