The Cytotoxic Effects of Testosterone on iNOS Expression Level in Lung Cancer Cells

Background and Aim: Association of sex steroids with cancer cells proliferation has been reported in recent studies; however, the findings are still controversial. The present study aimed to determine the cytotoxic effect of testosterone lung cancer (A549) cell and to evaluate the expression level of iNOS gene in A549 cell.
Method: A549 cell line was divided into a control group (untreated) and groups treated with 125, 250, 500, and 1000 μg/mL of testosterone. Cell viability was quantified by MTT assay. qRT-PCR was performed to evaluate gene expression level. Flow cytometry was used to assess the apoptosis in cancer cell. Data were analyzed using student’s t-test and ANOVA.
Results: The expression level of iNOS gene significantly increased in the A549 cell exposed to a cytotoxic dose of testosterone.
Conclusion: In conclusion, the clinical use of testosterone therapy for cancer treatment remains a topic of significant controversy within the medical community. While there is evidence suggesting potential benefits, such as improved quality of life and symptom management, the risks and uncertainties surrounding this approach cannot be ignored. The complex interplay between testosterone and cancer, with the potential for tumor growth and disease progression, necessitates cautious consideration on a case-by-case basis. Further research and clinical trials are essential to better understand the mechanisms involved, identify suitable candidates, and establish safe and effective protocols for testosterone therapy in cancer treatment.